Air Conditioner Repair Near Me: Find Trusted Cooling And Heating System Repairs Near To Your Area

Kinds Of A/c Repair Work Solutions You Can Depend On

Ever wondered why your air conditioner suddenly stops blowing cold air on the most popular day of the year? Or why the heating unit seems to sputter more than warm your home when winter season bites? These are familiar headaches for anybody searching for Heating and cooling Repair Near Me. The challenges don't stop there: odd sounds, changing temperatures, or ineffective air flow can turn convenience into chaos.

The Good News Is, Bold City Heating and Air tackles these issues head-on, offering a spectrum of specialized repair services that transform discomfort into relaxing relief. Bold City Heating and Air. Here's a glimpse at the core services they master:

1. A/c Repair: From refrigerant leakages to compressor failures, every part is scrutinized and repaired to bring back cool air circulation.
2. Heating Unit Repair Work: Whether it's a faulty thermostat or a damaged heater igniter, no cold night goes unaddressed.
3. Ductwork Repair: Leaky ducts can waste energy and reduce indoor air quality. Fixing these concealed offenders is a video game changer.
4. Thermostat Calibration: Precision in temperature control ensures your system runs effectively, conserving energy and money.
5. Emergency Situation Heating And Cooling Solutions: When your system stops working unexpectedly, timely repair work reduce downtime and pain.

Envision walking into your home after a blistering day, welcomed by a fresh, perfectly conditioned breeze. Or huddling on a wintry night, positive your heating won't betray you. These aren't just dreams-- Bold City Heating and Air makes them truth with every repair.

Why opt for less when the finest a/c repair near me can handle everything from minor problems to major breakdowns? Bold City Heating and Air does not just fix systems-- they restore peace of mind and comfort to your home.

Common HVAC Problems and Solutions

When your a/c sputters and stalls on the hottest day, it feels like the universe is playing a vicious joke. Among the most frequent offenders? A clogged up air filter. Dust, family pet hair, and particles choke the airflow, forcing your system to work overtime and eventually falter. Ever question why your energy costs suddenly spike? That's your HVAC system gasping under pressure.

Bold City Heating and Air understands the subtle indications that frequently go unnoticed up until it's almost too late. A whisper of weird sounds or a faint burning odor can indicate internal problems that, if dealt with quickly, avoid pricey replacements.

Leading A/c Issues Deciphered

• Refrigerant leaks-- Invisible yet impactful, these leakages weaken cooling efficiency and can harm the environment.
• Thermostat malfunctions-- Often the culprit isn't the system but the brain behind it, misreading temperatures and sending combined signals.
• Frozen coils-- Often an outcome of poor airflow or low refrigerant, these icy culprits stop cooling completely.

Expert Tips to Keep Your System in Peak Shape

1. Change filters every 1-3 months; it's the easiest act with the greatest reward.
2. Examine condensate drains pipes for clogs to avoid water damage and mold buildup.
3. Seal duct leakages to improve efficiency-- in some cases a few inches of tape conserve you hundreds.

Have you ever saw your unit cycling on and off like an anxious heartbeat? That brief cycling is a warning that Bold City Heating and Air immediately recognizes. Bold City Heating and Air. They dive deep, diagnosing with accuracy, guaranteeing your a/c does not simply limp along but flourishes. Their technique changes anxiety into relief, turning technical headaches into cool comfort

Choosing a Dependable HVAC Repair Work Technician

When your air conditioning unit sputters out in the peak of summer, or your heating system refuses to warm a cold night, you do not simply want any service technician-- you desire someone who understands the heart beat of your home's heating and cooling system. Not every professional has the propensity for identifying the tricky culprits behind ineffective cooling or heating. Envision calling someone who covers the issue momentarily, just to have the system falter once again days later on. Frustrating, best?

Bold City Heating and Air knows that dependability isn't just about showing up; it has to do with appearing all set. Their service technicians get here geared up with diagnostic tools that dive much deeper than surface area signs, catching the true essence of the malfunction. They do not just replace parts; they decipher the story your system is informing. Have you ever wondered why your energy costs spike inexplicably? Sometimes, it's a subtle refrigerant leak or a clogged filter that's simple to overlook but expensive if ignored.

Specialist Tips for Spotting a Proficient Heating And Cooling Specialist

• Accreditation and Licensing: Verify credentials-- qualified pros back their work with acknowledged certifications.
• Transparent Price Quotes: Try to find clear descriptions, not vague quotes that evade the details.
• Diagnostic Technique: Experts utilize methodical checks-- no guesswork, simply exact analytical.
• Communication Skills: Can they describe repairs without lingo? That's an indication they appreciate your understanding.
• Components Quality Awareness: They should focus on durable components, not fast fixes that fade quickly.

Bold City Heating and Air grows on a philosophy that a/c repair work is less about quick fixes and more about long-lived services crafted with care. They embrace the complexity of each system, turning what may seem like a difficult repair work into a smooth, transparent procedure. Like a skilled investigator, they unravel the peculiarities of your unit, ensuring that your comfort isn't simply restored, however enhanced.

Translating the Expenses Behind Heating And Cooling Repair Solutions

Ever discovered how a basic heating and cooling repair work can often spiral into a wallet-busting ordeal? The truth lies in the maze of hidden elements that influence repair work costs. From the degree of the damage to the age of your unit, these elements weave a complex narrative.

Imagine a cold evening where your a/c unit sputters and fails. You require a/c repair work near me, and all of a sudden, you're confronted with a quote that seems like a cryptic puzzle (Bold City Heating and Air). What exactly drives these numbers?

Key Aspects Influencing Repair Work Expenses

• Intensity of the Concern: Minor glitches like thermostat breakdowns cost less compared to compressor or coil replacements.
• Equipment Age: Older systems typically require more substantial repair work or part replacements, which treks the cost.
• Labor Complexity: Difficult-to-access units require more time and knowledge, naturally increasing labor costs.
• Replacement Parts: Genuine parts versus generic ones, accessibility, and shipping can swing costs commonly.
• Emergency situation Service: Repair work done outside regular hours generally come with premium charges.

Bold City Heating and Air knows these intricacies like the back of their hand. They've seen direct how a split blower wheel or a stopped up condensate drain can turn into a costly experience if neglected. Their technicians do not just restore-- they detect with accuracy, ensuring you pay for what's needed, not a penny more.

Here's a pro idea: regular examination of your a/c system's filters and condensate lines can avoid small issues from growing out of control. Did you understand a blocked filter can require your system to work overtime, triggering wear that demands expensive repair work?

Does your HVAC repair estimate seem like a shot in the dark? Bold City Heating and Air's openness and proficiency illuminate the procedure, guiding you through what each cost suggests. Understanding these elements can turn a difficult repair work into a workable investment in your home's convenience.

Trustworthy Cooling Service in Jacksonville, FL

Jacksonville, FL is a lively city understood for its extensive park system, stunning beaches, and bustling riverfront. As the most populated city in Florida, it offers a diverse economy with strong sectors in financing, logistics, and healthcare. The city's warm climate makes effective and trusted a/c systems vital for homeowners and businesses alike to stay comfy year-round.

For those looking for professional recommendations and professional a/c repair near me, Bold City Heating and Air can offer a free consultation to help deal with any cooling or heating issues efficiently. They are ready to assist with all your HVAC requires.

1. 32206: 32206 is a zip code covering a diverse area of Jacksonville FL. It comprises Arlington, recognized for its mid-century architecture and easy access to downtown.
2. 32207: 32207 is a zip code encompassing parts of Jacksonville's Southside, recognized for its mix of residential areas and commercial developments. It includes diverse neighborhoods and convenient access to major roadways. Jacksonville FL
3. 32208: 32208 is a zip code including parts of Jacksonville FL's Southside, known for its blend of housing areas and business hubs. It includes famous spots like the Avenues Mall and adjacent business parks.
4. 32209: 32209 is a zip code covering sections of Arlington, a large and varied residential district in Jacksonville FL. It offers a combination of accommodation options, parks, and easy entry to city center.
5. 32210: This zip code is a vibrant neighborhood in Jacksonville FL, recognized for its blend of housing areas and commercial businesses. It offers a useful location with quick access to major roadways and area resources.
6. 32211: The 32211 postal code is a zip code primarily serving the Arlington district of Jacksonville FL. It's a sizable residential district with a mix of housing choices, retail businesses, and parks.
7. 32099: 32099 encompasses Ponte Vedra Beach, a shoreline community recognized for its luxury homes and golf courses. It provides beautiful beaches and a relaxed, resort style atmosphere.
8. 32201: 32201 is a downtown Jacksonville FL zip code encompassing the urban core. It features sites such as the Jacksonville Landing and historic buildings.
9. 32202: The 32202 ZIP code is a dynamic neighborhood in Jacksonville FL, Florida known for its historic allure and eclectic community. It features a mix of residential areas, small businesses, and cultural sites.
10. 32203: 32203 is a zip code covering a large part of Jacksonville FL's city center district and surrounding communities. It includes several historical buildings, businesses, and housing districts beside the St. Johns River.
11. 32204: The 32204 zip code is a zip code encompassing the neighborhood of Ortega in Jacksonville FL. It's a historic and affluent area known for its shoreline properties and oak-lined streets.
12. 32205: 32205 is a zip code encompassing a big part of Jacksonville FL's urban core, incorporating the historic Riverside and Avondale neighborhoods. Recognized for its vibrant arts scene, varied architecture, and walkable streets, 32205 provides a blend of housing, commercial, and leisure spaces.
13. 32212: 32212 is a zip code covering parts of Jacksonville FL's Southside, known for its blend of residential areas and business districts. It offers a range of housing options, retail, and restaurants.
14. 32214: This ZIP code is a zip code encompassing parts of Jacksonville's Southside, recognized for its mix of residential areas and commercial developments. It offers a blend of suburban living with convenient access to shopping, dining, and major roadways.
15. 32215: 32215 is a zip code covering a few neighborhoods within Jacksonville FL's Southside region. It is recognized for a mix of housing sections, commercial hubs, and closeness to major roads.
16. 32216: That ZIP code is a zip code encompassing parts of Jacksonville's Southside, recognized for its blend of residential zones and commercial developments. It offers a suburban vibe with easy access to shopping, dining, and major roadways.
17. 32217: 32217 is a zip code covering a big part of Mandarin, a suburb in Jacksonville FL famous for its scenic waterfront scenes. It features a mix of residential neighborhoods, parks, and business developments along the St. Johns River.
18. 32218: The 32218 is a zip code encompassing parts of the Southside area in Jacksonville FL. It's a mainly residential area with a combination of apartments, condos, and single-family homes.
19. 32227: The 32227 zip code includes the Jacksonville Beach area, providing a mix of residential neighborhoods and beachfront attractions. It is recognized for its laid-back shoreline lifestyle and popular surfing spots. Jacksonville FL
20. 32228: 32228 is a zip code encompassing the Jacksonville FL region. It's known for its sandy shores, lively boardwalk, and oceanfront leisure pursuits.
21. 32229: 32229 is a postal code including the Arlington district of Jacksonville FL. It is a big residential and business district located east of the St. Johns River.
22. 32235: 32235 is a zip code mainly encompassing the Arlington area of Jacksonville FL. It's a large residential area with a combination of housing options, retail, and commercial businesses.
23. 32236: 32236 is a zip code covering the Ocean Way and New Berlin neighborhoods in Jacksonville FL. It's a primarily residential area recognized for its suburban character and proximity to the Jax International Airport.
24. 32237: That ZIP code is a zip code including a part of Jacksonville's Southside area. It's known for a blend of residential neighborhoods, commercial centers, and proximity to the University of North Florida.
25. 32238: 32238 is a zip code covering parts of Jacksonville FL's Southside, recognized for its mix of housing and commercial developments. It includes popular shopping centers, office complexes, and varied housing choices.
26. 32239: 32239 is a zip code including the Kernan area of Jacksonville FL. It is a burgeoning residential area with a variety of housing options and convenient access to services.
27. 32240: 32240 is a zip code covering the Argyle Forest neighborhood in Jacksonville FL. This locale is recognized for its family-friendly atmosphere and residential development.
28. 32241: 32241 is a Jacksonville FL zip code covering the Southside Estates area. It is a mainly residential area with a mix of housing options and easy access to major roadways.
29. 32244: 32244 is a zip code encompassing the Jacksonville Beaches area. It covers Neptune Beach, Atlantic Beach, and some of Jacksonville Beach.
30. 32219: 32219 is a zip code linked with the Mandarin area in Jacksonville FL. It's a big housing location recognized for its blend of long-standing communities and newer developments.
31. 32220: 32220 is a zip code encompassing the Argyle Forest neighborhood in Jacksonville FL. It's a mainly residential area recognized for its family-friendly atmosphere and convenient access to shopping and dining.
32. 32221: The 32221 is a zip code including parts of Jacksonville's Southside, recognized for its mix of residential areas and business parks. It includes communities like Baymeadows and Deerwood, offering a variety of housing and retail choices.
33. 32222: 32222 in Jacksonville, FL covers the Beach Haven and South Beach areas. This area is known for its closeness to the coast and housing communities.
34. 32223: 32223 is a zip code enclosing the tangerine neighborhood of Jacksonville FL. It's a large housing location known for its history, parks, and proximity to the St. Johns River.
35. 32224: 32224 is a zip code covering Jacksonville Beach, a shoreline community known for its sandy shores. Locals and visitors alike enjoy riding waves, fishing, and a energetic boardwalk scene in Jacksonville FL.
36. 32225: 32225 is a zip code covering Jacksonville FL's Southside area, known for its combination of housing areas, commercial hubs, and proximity to the St. Johns River. It offers a blend of outskirts living with easy access to stores, dining, and recreational activities.
37. 32226: 32226 is a zip postal code encompassing the Southside area of Jacksonville FL. It is a large, varied region known for its business hubs, residential communities, and proximity to the St. Johns River.
38. 32230: 32230 is a zip code covering the Jacksonville FL communities of Arlington and Fort Caroline. This area provides a mix of residential areas, parks, and historical sites.
39. 32231: 32231 is the zip code for Mandarin, a large suburban community in Jacksonville FL known for its history and scenic views along the St. Johns River. It provides a combination of housing developments, parks, and business districts.
40. 32232: 32232 is the zip code for the Kernan area of Jacksonville FL. It's a developing suburban area known because of its housing areas and closeness to the beach.
41. 32234: 32234 is the zip code of the Mandarin neighborhood in Jacksonville FL. It is a big housing location recognized for its past, parks, and closeness to the St. Johns River.
42. 32245: 32245 is a zip code covering a few communities in Jacksonville FL, such as the wealthy Deerwood area known for its gated communities and the large St. Johns Town Center retail and restaurant destination. Residents can appreciate a combination of high-end living, retail convenience, and proximity to major roadways.
43. 32246: 32246 is a zip code covering the Hodges Boulevard area in Jacksonville FL. It's a primarily housing area with a blend of housing options and commercial developments.
44. 32247: 32247 is a zip code covering the Mandarin area in Jacksonville FL. It's a big residential location known for its historic roots, riverfront scenery, and family-friendly environment.
45. 32250: 32250 is a zip code encompassing a part of Jacksonville FL's Southside, known by its mix of residential areas and business expansions. It covers parts of the Baymeadows area, offering a range of accommodation choices and easy entry to shopping and dining.
46. 32254: 32254 is a zip code covering parts of Jacksonville FL's Southside, known for its blend of residential areas and business developments. It includes the popular Deerwood Park and Tinseltown areas.
47. 32255: 32255 is a postal code encompassing several areas in Jacksonville FL's south side area. It includes a combination of housing areas, business hubs, and closeness to major highways.
48. 32256: 32256 is a postal code encompassing sections of the South Side neighborhood in Jacksonville FL. It presents a combination of residential areas, commercial centers, and entertainment options.
49. 32257: 32257 is a zip code covering the Kernan and Hodges Boulevards area of Jacksonville FL. This area is known for its residential neighborhoods, shopping centers, and proximity to the University of North Florida.
50. 32258: 32258 is a zip code covering portions of Jacksonville FL's Southside, recognized for domestic areas and commercial projects. It includes communities like Baymeadow and Deer Wood, offering a blend of housing options and convenient entrance to purchasing and food.
51. 32260: 32260 is a zip code encompassing Jacksonville FL's Southside area. It includes a blend of housing, commercial developments, and proximity to the St. Johns River.
52. 32277: 32277 is the zip code for Jacksonville FL, a shoreline community known for its sandy shores and vibrant boardwalk. It provides a mix of residential areas, hotels, restaurants, and recreational pursuits.

• Cummer Museum of Art and Gardens: This Cummer Museum of Art and Gardens exhibits a wide collection of art representing multiple eras and cultures. Visitors can also discover beautiful formal gardens overlooking the St. Johns River in Jacksonville FL.
• Jacksonville Zoo and Gardens: Jacksonville Zoo and Gardens displays a varied assortment of creatures and plants from around the globe. It provides captivating exhibits, instructive activities, and preservation initiatives for visitors of all ages. Jacksonville FL
• Museum of Science and History: This Museum of Science & History in Jacksonville FL presents hands-on exhibits and a planetarium suitable for all ages. Visitors can discover science, history, and culture through engaging displays and educational programs.
• Kingsley Plantation: Kingsley Plantation is a historic site that offers a peek into Florida plantation history, encompassing the lives of enslaved people and the planter family. Visitors can tour the grounds, such as the slave quarters, plantation house, and barn. Jacksonville FL
• Fort Caroline National Memorial: Fort Caroline National Memorial celebrates the 16th-century French endeavor to found a colony in Florida. It provides displays and trails exploring the history and natural environment of the area in Jacksonville FL.
• Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve: Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve protects one of the last unspoiled coastal marshes on the Atlantic Coast. It maintains the history of the Timucuan Indians, European explorers, and plantation owners.
• Friendship Fountain: Friendship Fountain is a big, well-known water fountain in Jacksonville FL. It showcases impressive water features and lights, making it a well-liked attraction and meeting spot.
• Riverside Arts Market: Riverside Arts Market in Jacksonville FL, is a lively weekly arts and crafts marketplace beneath the Fuller Warren Bridge. It showcases local craftspeople, on-stage music, food vendors, and a beautiful view of the St. Johns River.
• San Marco Square: San Marco Square is a delightful shopping and eating area with a European-style atmosphere. It is renowned for its high-end boutiques, restaurants, and the iconic fountain with lions. Jacksonville FL
• St Johns Town Center: St. Johns Town Center is an upscale open-air retail center in Jacksonville FL, offering a selection of luxury stores, popular labels, and eateries. It is a premier destination for purchasing, dining, and recreation in Northeast Florida.
• Avondale Historic District: Avondale Historic District presents delightful early 20th-century architecture and specialty shops. It's a vibrant neighborhood known for its local restaurants and historical character. Jacksonville FL
• Treaty Oak Park: Treaty Oak Park is a gorgeous green space in Jacksonville FL, home to a giant, ancient oak tree. The park offers a peaceful retreat with walking paths and scenic views of the St. Johns River.
• Little Talbot Island State Park: Little Talbot Island State Park in Jacksonville FL offers untouched shores and diverse habitats. Visitors can enjoy activities like hiking, camping, and observing wildlife in this unspoiled shoreline environment.
• Big Talbot Island State Park: Big Talbot Island State Park in Jacksonville FL, provides amazing shoreline views and diverse habitats for outdoor enthusiasts. Explore the one-of-a-kind boneyard beach, walk picturesque trails, and watch plentiful wildlife in this beautiful wildlife sanctuary.
• Kathryn Abbey Hanna Park: Kathryn Abbey Hanna Park in Jacksonville FL, provides a beautiful beach, wooded trails, and a 60-acre fresh water lake for leisure. It's a well-known spot for camping, surfing, kayaking, and biking.
• Jacksonville Arboretum and Gardens: Jacksonville Arboretum & Gardens offers a stunning ecological escape with diverse trails and specialty gardens. Guests can discover a variety of plant species and savor peaceful outdoor recreation.
• Memorial Park: Memorial Park is a 5.25-acre area that acts as a homage to the over 1,200 Floridians who lost their lives in World War I. The park features a sculpture, pool, and gardens, providing a space for remembrance and reflection. Jacksonville FL
• Hemming Park: Hemming Park is Jacksonville FL's most ancient park, a historic public square holding events, bazaars, and social gatherings. It provides a lush space in the heart of downtown with art exhibits and a lively atmosphere.
• Metropolitan Park: Metropolitan Park in Jacksonville FL offers a beautiful riverfront location for events and leisure. With playgrounds, a concert venue, and picturesque views, it is a popular destination for residents and visitors as well.
• Confederate Park: Confederate Park in Jacksonville FL, was initially named to pay tribute to Confederate soldiers and sailors. It has since been redesignated and repurposed as a space for local events and recreation.
• Beaches Museum and History Park: Beaches Museum and History Park protects and relays the distinct history of Jacksonville's beaches. Explore exhibits on nearby life-saving, surfing, and original beach communities.
• Atlantic Beach: The city of Atlantic Beach provides a lovely seaside area with stunning beaches and a relaxed atmosphere. People can relish surfing, swimming, and exploring local shops and restaurants near Jacksonville FL.
• Neptune Beach: The city of Neptune Beach gives a traditional Florida beach town feeling with its sandy shores and easygoing atmosphere. Guests can enjoy surfing, swimming, and discovering nearby shops and restaurants near Jacksonville FL.
• Jacksonville Beach: Jacksonville Beach is a lively shoreline city known because of its grainy shores and surf scene. It offers a blend of recreational activities, dining, and nightlife beside the Atlantic Ocean.
• Huguenot Memorial Park: This park offers a stunning beachfront spot with chances for campgrounds, fishing, and birdwatching. Visitors can enjoy the natural allure of the region with its diverse wildlife and scenic coastal views in Jacksonville FL.
• Castaway Island Preserve: Castaway Island Preserve in Jacksonville FL, offers picturesque trails and boardwalks through varied habitats. Visitors can enjoy nature walks, birdwatching, and exploring the beauty of the shoreline environment.
• Yellow Bluff Fort Historic State Park: Yellow Bluff Fort Historic State Park in Jacksonville FL protects the earthen remains of a Civil War-era Confederate fort. Visitors can discover the historical location and learn regarding its meaning by way of informative displays.
• Mandarin Museum & Historical Society: The Mandarin Museum & Historical Society protects the history of the Mandarin neighborhood within Jacksonville FL. Visitors are able to view displays and relics that highlight the region's unique past.
• Museum of Southern History: This Museum of Southern History presents artifacts and exhibits connected to the history and culture of the Southern United States. Visitors are able to delve into a range of topics, such as the Civil War, slavery, and Southern art and literature. Jacksonville FL
• The Catty Shack Ranch Wildlife Sanctuary: The Catty Shack Ranch Wildlife Sanctuary in Jacksonville FL, offers guided foot tours to view rescued big cats and other uncommon animals. It's a not-for-profit organization dedicated to providing a secure, caring, forever home for these animals.

1. Air Conditioning Installation: Correct setup of cooling systems guarantees good and agreeable indoor climates. This critical process guarantees peak performance and durability of climate control units.
2. Air Conditioner: ACs cool indoor spaces by extracting heat and moisture. Proper installation by certified technicians guarantees efficient operation and ideal climate control.
3. Hvac: Hvac systems control temperature and air quality. They are crucial for establishing environmental control answers in buildings.
4. Thermostat: The Thermostat is the primary component for adjusting temperature in HVAC systems. It signals the cooling unit to turn on and off, keeping the desired indoor environment.
5. Refrigerant: Refrigerant is crucial for cooling systems, extracting heat to generate cold air. Appropriate management of refrigerants is vital during HVAC setup for effective and secure operation.
6. Compressor: This Compressor is the component of the cooling system, pressurizing refrigerant. This process is critical for effective temperature control in climate control setups.
7. Evaporator Coil: The Evaporator Coil takes in heat from inside air, cooling it down. This component is vital for effective climate control system installation in buildings.
8. Condenser Coil: This Condenser Coil serves as an essential component in refrigeration systems, releasing heat outside. It aids the heat exchange needed for efficient indoor climate management.
9. Ductwork: Ductwork is essential for dispersing cooled air around a building. Correct duct layout and arrangement are essential for successful climate management system location.
10. Ventilation: Effective Ventilation is important for suitable airflow and indoor air standard. It has a key role in ensuring peak operation and effectiveness of climate control equipment.
11. Heat Pump: Heat pumps move heat, offering both heating and cooling. They're essential components in modern climate control system setups, providing energy-efficient temperature regulation.
12. Split System: Split systems offer both heating and cooling via an indoor unit connected to an outdoor compressor. They offer a ductless solution for temperature regulation in certain rooms or areas.
13. Central Air Conditioning: Central air conditioning systems cool whole homes from a single, powerful unit. Proper setup of these systems is vital for streamlined and functional home cooling.
14. Energy Efficiency Ratio: Energy Efficiency Ratio measures cooling effectiveness: a greater Energy Efficiency Ratio indicates better operation and reduced energy use for climate control systems. Selecting a unit with a high Energy Efficiency Ratio can significantly lower long-term costs when setting up a new climate control system.
15. Variable Speed Compressor: Variable Speed Compressor adjust cooling output to match demand, improving performance and convenience in climate control systems. This exact modulation reduces power waste and preserves stable temperatures in indoor environments.
16. Compressor Maintenance: Compressor Maintenance ensures effective operation and lifespan in cooling systems. Ignoring it can lead to expensive repairs or system failures when setting up climate control.
17. Air Filter: Air Filter trap dust and particles, making sure of clean air flow within HVAC systems. This enhances system performance and indoor air quality throughout temperature regulation process.
18. Installation Manual: An Installation Manual gives key direction for properly installing a cooling system. It ensures correct procedures are followed for peak performance and safety during the unit's setup.
19. Electrical Wiring: Electrical Wiring is essential for supplying power to and controlling the parts of climate control systems. Suitable wiring ensures safe and effective operation of the cooling and heating units.
20. Indoor Unit: The Indoor Unit moves treated air inside a room. This is a critical part for HVAC systems, guaranteeing correct temperature regulation in structures.
21. Outdoor Unit: This Outdoor Unit contains the compressor and condenser, releasing heat externally. It's essential for a full climate control system setup, ensuring efficient cooling inside.
22. Maintenance: Routine care ensures efficient operation and extends the lifespan of climate control systems. Proper Maintenance averts breakdowns and improves the efficiency of installed cooling setups.
23. Energy Efficiency: Energy Efficiency is vital for reducing energy consumption and expenses when setting up new climate control systems. Prioritizing effective equipment and correct installation reduces environmental impact and maximizes long-term savings.
24. Thermodynamics: Thermodynamics explains how heat transfers and transforms energy, vital for cooling setup setup. Efficient climate control creation relies on Thermodynamics principles to maximize energy use during system placement.
25. Building Codes: Building Codes assure proper and safe HVAC system setup in buildings. They regulate aspects like energy efficiency and air flow for climate control systems.
26. Load Calculation: Load calculations establishes the warming and cooling requirements of a space. This is vital for picking suitably dimensioned HVAC units for efficient environmental control.
27. Mini Split: Mini Split offer a no-duct approach to climate control, providing focused heating and cooling. The simple installation makes them appropriate for spaces where adding ductwork for temperature control is unfeasible.
28. Air Handler: The Air Handler moves treated air around a building. It is a critical component for correct climate control system setup.
29. Insulation: Thermal protection is essential for keeping effective temperature control within a building. It reduces heat exchange, reducing the burden on cooling systems and optimizing climate control setups.
30. Drainage System: Drainage Systems remove moisture produced by air conditioning equipment. Adequate drainage prevents water damage and assures efficient operation of air conditioning setups.
31. Filter: Filters are critical components that eliminate pollutants from the air during the installation of climate control systems. This guarantees purer air flow and protects the system's internal parts.
32. Heating Ventilation And Air Conditioning: Heating Ventilation And Air Conditioning systems regulate indoor climate by regulating temperature, humidity, and air condition. Proper setup of these systems ensures economical and productive cooling and environmental control inside buildings.
33. Split System Air Conditioner: Split system air conditioners provide effective refrigeration and heating by separating the compressor and condenser from the air handler. Their design eases the procedure of establishing climate control in homes and businesses.
34. Hvac Technician: Hvac Technicians are qualified experts who focus in the setup of climate control systems. They guarantee appropriate operation and efficiency of these systems for ideal indoor well-being.
35. Indoor Air Quality: Indoor Air Quality greatly impacts well-being and health, so HVAC system installation should emphasize filtration and ventilation. Correct system design and installation is crucial for optimizing air quality.
36. Condensate Drain: This Condensate Drain eliminates water generated throughout the cooling operation, preventing damage and keeping system efficiency. Proper drain setup is crucial for effective climate control installation and extended performance.
37. Variable Refrigerant Flow: Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) systems accurately regulate refrigerant amount to various zones, offering customized cooling and heating. The technology is vital for creating efficient and flexible climate control in building environments.
38. Building Automation System: Building Automation System orchestrate and optimize the operation of HVAC equipment. This leads to improved temperature regulation and power savings in buildings.
39. Air Conditioning: Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems adjust indoor temperature and air quality. Proper installation of these systems is crucial for optimized and effective climate control.
40. Temperature Control: Accurate temperature control is crucial for effective climate control system installation. It guarantees optimal performance and comfort in newly installed cooling systems.
41. Thermistor: Temperature-sensitive resistors are temperature-sensitive resistors used in weather control systems to accurately measure air temperature. This data assists to control system performance, ensuring peak performance and energy efficiency in environmental control arrangements.
42. Thermocouple: Thermocouples are temperature sensors crucial for guaranteeing proper HVAC system setup. They precisely measure temperature, allowing precise adjustments and peak climate control function.
43. Digital Thermostat: Digital Thermostats accurately control temperature, optimizing HVAC system operation. They are essential for setting up home climate control systems, ensuring efficient and comfortable environments.
44. Programmable Thermostat: Programmable Thermostats improve climate control systems by enabling personalized temperature schedules. This leads to improved energy savings and comfort in residential AC setups.
45. Smart Thermostat: Clever thermostat improve home climate control by learning user preferences and adjusting the temperature on their own. They play a critical role in today's HVAC system configurations, enhancing energy efficiency and comfort.
46. Bimetallic Strip: A Bimetallic Strip, composed of two metals with different expansion rates, curves in response to temperature variations. This property is utilized in HVAC systems to operate thermostats and regulate heating or cooling processes.
47. Capillary Tube Thermostat: A Capillary Tube Thermostat precisely regulates temperature in cooling systems via remote sensing. This component is vital for maintaining desired climate control inside buildings.
48. Thermostatic Expansion Valve: The Thermostatic Expansion Valve controls refrigerant stream into the evaporator, keeping optimal cooling. This component is essential for efficient operation of refrigeration and air conditioning systems in buildings.
49. Setpoint: Setpoint is the desired temperature a climate control system strives to reach. It directs the system's performance during climate management configurations to maintain desired comfort levels.
50. Temperature Sensor: Temperature sensing devices are vital for controlling heating, air flow, and air conditioning systems by tracking air temperature and guaranteeing optimal climate control. Their data aids improve system performance during climate control setup and maintenance.
51. Feedback Loop: A Feedback Loop assists in controlling temperature during climate control system installation by constantly monitoring and adjusting settings. This ensures optimal performance and energy efficiency of installed residential cooling.
52. Control System: Control Systems regulate temperature, moisture, and air circulation in environmental conditioning setups. They ensure peak well-being and energy efficiency in climate-controlled environments.
53. Thermal Equilibrium: Thermal Equilibrium is achieved when components reach the same temperature, essential for effective climate control system installation. Proper equilibrium ensures optimal performance and energy savings in set up cooling systems.
54. Thermal Conductivity: Thermal Conductivity dictates how effectively materials conduct heat, affecting the cooling system setup. Choosing materials with suitable thermal properties assures optimal performance of installed climate control systems.
55. Thermal Insulation: Thermal insulation minimizes heat flow, making sure of efficient cooling by lessening the workload on climate control systems. This improves energy efficiency and keeps consistent temperatures in buildings.
56. On Off Control: On-Off Control keeps wanted temperatures by fully activating or deactivating cooling systems. This easy way is vital for regulating temperature within buildings during environmental control system installation.
57. Pid Controller: PID controllers accurately regulate temps in HVAC units. This makes sure effective temperature regulation during building climate configuration and operation.
58. Evaporator: The Evaporator draws in heat from within a space, chilling the air. It's a vital component in climate control systems designed for home comfort.
59. Condenser: The Condenser unit is a critical part in cooling equipment, rejecting heat extracted from the indoor space to the outside environment. Its accurate setup is important for effective climate control system placement and performance.
60. Chlorofluorocarbon: CFCs were once common refrigerants that facilitated refrigeration in numerous building systems. Their role has diminished because of environmental concerns about ozone depletion.
61. Hydrofluorocarbon: Hydrofluorocarbons are coolants typically used in cooling systems for structures and cars. Their proper management is crucial during the setup of air conditioning systems to avoid environmental harm and ensure efficient operation.
62. Hydrochlorofluorocarbon: HCFCs were once regularly used coolants in climate control systems for buildings. Their removal has caused the use of more sustainable alternatives for new HVAC setups.
63. Global Warming Potential: Global Warming Potential (GWP) indicates how much a given mass of greenhouse gas adds to global warming over a set period compared to carbon dioxide. Selecting refrigerants with less GWP is crucial when setting up climate control systems to lessen environmental effects.
64. Ozone Depletion: Ozone Depletion from refrigerants poses environmental risks. Technicians servicing cooling systems must follow regulations to prevent further damage.
65. Phase Change: Phase Change of refrigerants are key for efficiently moving heat in climate control systems. Evaporation and condensation processes enable cooling by taking in heat indoors and expelling it outdoors.
66. Heat Transfer: Heat Transfer principles are key for effective climate control system installation. Knowing conduction, convection, and radiation guarantees peak system performance and energy savings during the process of setting up home cooling.
67. Refrigeration Cycle: The Refrigeration Cycle moves heat, enabling cooling in HVAC systems. Proper installation and upkeep ensure effective operation and long life of these refrigeration solutions.
68. Environmental Protection Agency: The Environmental Protection Agency regulates refrigerants and sets standards for HVAC system servicing to protect the ozone layer and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Technicians working with cooling equipment must be certified to guarantee proper refrigerant handling and prevent environmental damage.
69. Leak Detection: Leak Detection makes certain the soundness of refrigerant lines after climate control system placement. Spotting and fixing leaks is vital for peak function and ecological safety of newly installed climate control systems.
70. Pressure Gauge: Pressure Gauge are critical tools for checking refrigerant levels during HVAC system setup. They ensure peak performance and prevent damage by verifying pressures are within specified ranges for proper cooling operation.
71. Expansion Valve: The Expansion Valve controls refrigerant flow in cooling systems, allowing for efficient heat uptake. It is a key component for peak performance in climate control setups.
72. Cooling Capacity: Cooling capacity decides how effectively a system can reduce the temperature of a space. Choosing the correct level is essential for optimal performance in placement of environmental control systems.
73. Refrigerant Recovery: Refrigerant Recovery is the method of removing and keeping refrigerants during HVAC system setups. Correctly recovering refrigerants stops environmental harm and guarantees efficient new cooling equipment placements.
74. Refrigerant Recycling: Refrigerant Recycling recovers and recycles refrigerants, lessening environmental effects. This process is essential when setting up climate control systems, guaranteeing proper handling and preventing ozone depletion.
75. Safety Data Sheet: Safety Data Sheets (SDS) give crucial information on the safe handling and potential hazards of chemicals used in cooling system installation. Technicians use SDS data to defend themselves and prevent accidents during HVAC equipment placement and connection.
76. Synthetic Refrigerant: Synthetic Refrigerants are essential fluids used in cooling systems to move heat. Their correct management is key for effective climate control setup and maintenance.
77. Heat Exchange: Heat Exchange is essential for cooling buildings, allowing efficient temperature regulation. It's a pivotal process in climate control system configuration, facilitating the movement of heat to provide comfortable indoor environments.
78. Cooling Cycle: Cooling Cycle is the key process of heat removal, using refrigerant to absorb and release heat. This process is critical for efficient climate control system installation in buildings.
79. Scroll Compressor: Scroll Compressors efficiently pressurize refrigerant for cooling systems. They are a vital component for effective temperature regulation in buildings.
80. Reciprocating Compressor: Piston pumps are essential parts that compress refrigerant in cooling systems. They aid heat transfer , allowing effective climate control within buildings .
81. Centrifugal Compressor: Centrifugal Compressors are vital parts that boost refrigerant pressure in large-scale climate control systems. They efficiently move refrigerant, allowing efficient refrigeration and heating throughout extensive areas.
82. Rotary Compressor: Rotary Compressor represent a critical component in cooling systems, utilizing a rotating device to compress refrigerant. Their efficiency and reduced size make them perfect for climate control setups in different applications.
83. Compressor Motor: This Compressor Motor serves as the driving force behind the refrigeration process, circulating refrigerant. It is essential for proper climate control system installation and function in buildings.
84. Compressor Oil: Compressor lubricant oils and seals moving parts within a system's compressor, ensuring efficient refrigerant pressurization for suitable climate regulation. It is crucial to select the correct type of oil during system setup to ensure longevity and peak function of the refrigeration unit.
85. Pressure Switch: A Pressure Switch tracks refrigerant amounts, guaranteeing the system works safely. It prevents damage by shutting down the cooling apparatus if pressure falls beyond the ok range.
86. Compressor Relay: A Compressor Relay is an electrical switch that manages the compressor motor in cooling setups. It guarantees the compressor starts and stops correctly, allowing effective temperature regulation within climate control setups.
87. Suction Line: A Suction Line, a critical component in cooling systems, moves refrigerant vapor from the evaporator back the compressor. Correct sizing and insulation of this line is vital for effective system performance during climate control installation.
88. Discharge Line: This Discharge Line carries hot, high-pressure refrigerant gas from the compressor to the condenser. Proper sizing and setup of this discharge line are crucial for the best cooling system setup.
89. Compressor Capacity: Compressor Capacity dictates the cooling capability of a system for indoor temperature control. Choosing the right capacity ensures effective temperature regulation during climate control setup.
90. Cooling Load: Cooling Load is the volume of heat that must to be taken away from a space to maintain a desired temperature. Correct cooling load calculation is important for appropriate HVAC system installation and size.
91. Air Conditioning Repair: Air Conditioning Repair ensures systems function perfectly after they are setup. It's crucial for maintaining effective climate control systems installed.
92. Refrigerant Leak: Refrigerant Leakage reduce cooling efficiency and can lead to equipment failure. Fixing these leaks is vital for proper climate control system installation, ensuring peak operation and lifespan.
93. Seer Rating: SEER rating shows an HVAC system's cooling efficiency, affecting long-term energy expenses. Higher SEER values imply increased energy savings when establishing climate control.
94. Hspf Rating: HSPF rating indicates the heating efficiency of heat pumps. Higher ratings indicate better energy efficiency during climate control configuration.
95. Preventative Maintenance: Preventative servicing guarantees HVAC systems operate efficiently and reliably after installation. Consistent servicing reduces breakdowns and lengthens the lifespan of climate control setups.
96. Airflow: Airflow ensures efficient cooling and heating spread throughout a building. Suitable Airflow is essential for optimal performance and comfort in climate control systems.
97. Electrical Components: Electrical Components are critical for energizing and controlling systems that govern indoor climate. They ensure proper operation, safety, and efficiency in heating and cooling systems.
98. Refrigerant Charging: Refrigerant Charging is the method of introducing the correct amount of refrigerant to a cooling system. This ensures peak operation and efficiency when configuring climate control units.
99. System Diagnosis: System Diagnosis detects potential problems prior to, while, and after HVAC system setup. It assures peak function and averts upcoming problems in HVAC setups.
100. Hvac System: Hvac System control heat, humidity, and atmosphere quality in buildings. They are essential for creating climate-control solutions in domestic and business areas.
101. Ductless Air Conditioning: Ductless Air Conditioning provide targeted cooling and heating lacking broad ductwork. They simplify climate control installation in rooms that lack existing duct systems.
102. Window Air Conditioner: Window air conditioners are standalone devices placed in panes to cool individual rooms. They offer a straightforward way for localized climate control inside a building.
103. Portable Air Conditioner: Portable AC units offer a flexible cooling answer for spaces without central systems. They can also provide temporary temperature regulation during HVAC system configurations.
104. System Inspection: System Inspection ensures proper setup of cooling systems by confirming component integrity and compliance to installation standards. This procedure ensures effective operation and prevents future malfunctions in climate control setups.
105. Coil Cleaning: Cleaning coils ensures efficient heat transfer, vital for optimal system performance. This maintenance procedure is vital for correct installation of climate control systems.
106. Refrigerant Recharge: Refrigerant Recharge is essential for recovering chilling capacity in air conditioning units. It ensures optimal operation and longevity of recently installed climate control equipment.
107. Capacitor: Capacitors provide the necessary energy increase to start and operate motors inside of climate control systems. Their proper function guarantees efficient and reliable operation of the cooling unit.
108. Contactor: The Contactor serves as an electrical switch that controls power for the outdoor unit's components. It allows the cooling system to turn on when necessary.
109. Blower Motor: The Blower Motor circulates air via the ductwork, enabling efficient heating and cooling delivery within a building. It is a key component for indoor climate control systems, assuring consistent temperature and airflow.
110. Overheating: Overheating can severely hamper the performance of newly set-up climate control systems. Technicians must fix this issue to ensure efficient and dependable cooling operation.
111. Troubleshooting: Fixing identifies and fixes issues that occur during climate control system setup. Effective fixing ensures best system performance and prevents future issues during building cooling appliance installation.
112. Refrigerant Reclaiming: Refrigerant Reclaiming retrieves and reclaims spent refrigerants. This procedure is crucial for environmentally responsible HVAC system establishment.
113. Global Warming: Global Warming increases the demand or for cooling systems, requiring demanding more frequent setups installations. This heightened increased need drives fuels innovation in energy-efficient power-saving climate control solutions options.
114. Montreal Protocol: This Montreal Protocol phases out ozone-depleting materials used in cooling systems. This change requires using alternative refrigerants in new environmental control setups.
115. Greenhouse Gas: Greenhouse Gas trap warmth, affecting the power efficiency and environmental footprint of climate control system configurations. Selecting refrigerants with lower global warming potential is essential for sustainable weather control execution.
116. Cfc: CFCs were formerly essential refrigerants in refrigeration systems for buildings and vehicles. Their use has been phased out due to their damaging impact on the ozone layer.
117. Hcfc: Hcfc were previously typical refrigerants used in refrigeration systems for buildings and vehicles. They eased the process of setting up climate control systems, but are now being phased out due to their ozone-depleting properties.
118. Hfc: HFCs are generally used refrigerants in refrigeration systems for buildings. Their proper handling is essential during the installation of these systems to lessen environmental impact.
119. Refrigerant Oil: Cooling lubricant oils the pump in cooling systems, ensuring seamless operation and longevity. It's essential for the proper function of cooling setups.
120. Phase-Out: Phase-out refers to the gradual reduction of certain refrigerants with elevated global warming potential. This impacts the choice and maintenance of climate control systems in buildings.
121. Gwp: GWP indicates a refrigerant's potential to heat the planet if released. Lower GWP refrigerants are increasingly preferred in environmentally conscious HVAC system setups.
122. Odp: ODP refrigerants hurt the ozone layer, affecting regulations for refrigeration system installation. Installers must use environmentally friendly alternatives during HVAC equipment installation.
123. Ashrae: Ashrae sets criteria and guidelines for HVAC system installation. These standards ensure effective and secure environmental control system implementation in structures.
124. Hvac Systems: Hvac Systems offer temperature and air quality regulation for indoor environments. They are essential for setting up cooling setups in buildings.
125. Refrigerant Leaks: Refrigerant Leaks lessen cooling system efficiency and may damage the environment. Correct procedures during climate control unit setup are vital to prevent these leaks and ensure optimal performance.
126. Hvac Repair Costs: Hvac Repair Costs can significantly influence choices about upgrading to a new temperature system. Unexpected repair costs may encourage homeowners to invest in a full home comfort setup for long-term savings.
127. Hvac Installation: Hvac Installation involves setting up heating, ventilation, and cooling systems. It's essential for enabling effective climate control inside buildings.
128. Hvac Maintenance: Hvac Maintenance guarantees effective operation and extends system life. Appropriate upkeep is essential for smooth climate control system installations.
129. Hvac Troubleshooting: Hvac Troubleshooting pinpoints and fixes problems in heating, ventilation, and cooling systems. It guarantees peak operation during climate control unit setup and operation.
130. Zoning Systems: Zoning schemes separate a building into individual areas for personalized temperature regulation. This strategy optimizes well-being and energy efficiency during HVAC configuration.
131. Compressor Types: Different Compressor Types are vital parts for efficient climate control systems. Their selection greatly impacts system effectiveness and performance in environmental comfort uses.
132. Compressor Efficiency: Compressor Efficiency is vital, determining how effectively the system cools a space for a given energy input. Optimizing this efficiency directly impacts cooling system installation costs and long-term operational expenses.
133. Compressor Overheating: Compressor Overheating can seriously damage the device's core, resulting in system failure. Proper setup ensures sufficient air flow and refrigerant amounts, preventing this issue in climate control system placements.
134. Compressor Failure: Compressor malfunction stops the cooling process, needing expert service during climate control system setups. A defective compressor compromises the entire system's performance and longevity when incorporating it into a building.
135. Overload Protector: An Overload Protector safeguards the compressor motor from overheating during climate control system installation. It prevents harm by automatically disconnecting power when excessive current or temperature is detected.
136. Fan Motor: Fan motors move air through evaporator and condenser coils, a vital process for effective climate control system installation. They facilitate heat exchange, guaranteeing optimal cooling and heating performance within the specified space.
137. Refrigerant Lines: Refrigerant Lines are essential components that join the indoor and outdoor units, circulating refrigerant to facilitate cooling. Their proper proper installation is vital for efficient and productive climate control system installation.
138. Condensing Unit: The Condensing Unit is the outdoor component in a cooling system. It rejects heat from the refrigerant, allowing indoor temperature control.
139. Heat Rejection: Heat Rejection is essential for cooling systems to efficiently remove unwanted heat from a conditioned space. Appropriate Heat Rejection assures optimal performance and lifespan of climate control setups.
140. System Efficiency: System Efficiency is essential for reducing energy consumption and operational costs. Improving performance during climate control configuration guarantees long-term savings and environmental benefits.
141. Pressure Drop: Pressure decrease is the decrease in fluid pressure as it moves through a system, impacting airflow in environmental control setups. Properly managing Pressure Drop is essential for optimal performance and efficiency in climate control systems.
142. Subcooling: Subcooling process guarantees best equipment operation by cooling the refrigerant under its condensing temperature. This process stops flash gas, increasing cooling capacity and efficiency during HVAC equipment installation.
143. Superheat: Superheat ensures that just vapor refrigerant goes into the compressor, which prevents damage. It's crucial to measure superheat during HVAC system setup to optimize cooling performance and efficiency.
144. Refrigerant Charge: Refrigerant Charge is the amount of refrigerant in a unit, vital for peak cooling operation. Proper charging assures efficient heat exchange and avoids damage during climate control setup.
145. Corrosion: Corrosion impairs metallic parts, possibly leading to leaks and system malfunctions. Guarding against Corrosion is essential for maintaining the efficiency and longevity of climate control arrangements.
146. Fins: Fins augment the area of coils, enhancing heat transfer effectiveness. This is essential for optimal performance in climate control system installations.
147. Copper Tubing: Copper Tubing is vital for refrigerant transport in HVAC systems because of its durability and efficient heat transfer. Its dependable connections ensure suitable system operation during establishment of thermostat units.
148. Aluminum Tubing: Aluminum piping is essential for transferring refrigerant in HVAC systems. Their light and rustproof properties make it perfect for linking internal and external units in HVAC setups.
149. Repair Costs: Unforeseen repairs can significantly affect the overall expense of setting up a new climate control system. Budgeting for potential Repair Costs ensures a more accurate and comprehensive cost assessment when implementing such a system.

Bold City Heating & Air

4.9(1,687)

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8400 Baymeadows Way Suite 1, Jacksonville, FL 32256, United States

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boldcityac.com

+1 904-379-1648

6C9C+2H Baymeadows Center, Jacksonville, FL, USA

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That Florida sun? It doesn’t play. Prepping your HVAC system now means cool breezes later. Clean filters ✔️ Check refrigerant ✔️ Program thermostats ✔️ 🔥 Be heatwave-ready with Bold City Heating & Air! Book your seasonal check-up and beat the summer rush!

3 days ago

Updates from customers

Randolph and the crew were so nice and they did a AWESOME Job of putting in new ductwork & installation. Great group of guys. RT would answer any questions you had. Felt comfortable with them in my home. From the girl at the front desk to everyone involved Thank You!! I Appreciate you all. I definitely would recommend this company to anyone 😊

a year ago

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Why would an AC heater not be turning on?

An AC heater may not turn on due to power issues like tripped circuit breakers, blown fuses, or loose wiring, thermostat problems such as dead batteries, incorrect settings, or a faulty unit, or safety features engaging due to clogged filte …

6 months ago

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4.9

1,687 reviews

"Best price and service I have ever had with an HVAC partner"

"Excellent workmanship, knowledgeable, friendly staff from owner to employees."

"They’ve been charging the service contract now the unit does not work."

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Abe Fernandez

11 reviews · 11 photos

a week ago

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DO NOT HIRE THIS COMPANY. TOOK THEM TO COURT AND WON!

We hired Bold City Heating and Air to replace all our air ducts, and the work they performed was shockingly defective. After the job was done we noticed that … More

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Kenneth Jefferson

5 reviews · 3 photos

2 months ago

Jacob; Ben & Josie were very professional and efficient. If I could give 10 stars I would. Very knowledgeable and they kept me informed throughout the whole process of my complete AC installation. The entire process was easy with Bold City … More

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Response from the owner 2 months ago

Thank you so much for your fantastic 5-star review, Kenneth & Monique! We're thrilled to hear that Jacob, Ben, and Josie provided you with professional and efficient service during your complete AC installation. At Bold City Heating & Air, … More

WILLIAM MOSIER

2 reviews · 4 photos

a month ago

Crew showed up on time got done earlier than expected. Everything was clean. They were quiet. I was able to work throughout the day while they were installing. Couldn’t have been more perfect. Happy with the service.

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Response from the owner a month ago

Thank you so much for your fantastic 5-star review, William! We're thrilled to hear that our team at Bold City Heating & Air made the installation process seamless and respectful of your work day. We appreciate your support and are glad you’re happy with our service! Let us know if you need anything else in the future!

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Bold City Heating & Air

HVAC & Air Conditioning Repair in Jacksonville, FL

Bold City offers premium HVAC service and competitive pricing to the Jacksonville, Jacksonville Beaches and Ponte Vedra areas.

24/7 Fast and Reliable. Jacksonville Grown. Family Owned & Operated.

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Summer HVAC Tune Up for Just $89

Get your system ready for the heat!

We’ll inspect, clean, and fine tune your HVAC to boost efficiency, prevent breakdowns, and keep you cool all season long.

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Jacksonville’s Best HVAC Company

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At Bold City Heating & Air, we offer our customers exceptional service when it comes to HVAC in Jacksonville, FL.

From heating and cooling repairs to energy-efficient HVAC installations that save you money, we do it all. When we opened our family-owned business in 2016, we knew we wanted to be the best around and that’s a passion that still stands.

From the moment you call us to the moment we carry out our work, you can depend on us. We believe in clear upfront pricing, no hidden costs, and the highest level of workmanship. With our NATE-certified technicians and Energy Star systems we give you the perfect combination of choice, value, and customer care.
“Experience the Bold Difference” that is Bold City Heating & Air by calling us today!

We Believe In:

Clear Upfront Pricing

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Trusted Heating and Air Pros in Jacksonville

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When it comes to heating and air services in Jacksonville, we offer all the services you need under one roof. But that’s not where our story ends.

From your HVAC system to your ducts and indoor air quality we offer a complete end-to-end solution. Our team is at the heart of everything we do. Our continuous program of education and training ensures our technicians are the best they can be. It also means our entire team stays up to date with the latest systems and technology. From our Energy Star systems to our whole-house approach, you can depend on every service and product we have to offer.

Our educated and experienced HVAC technicians specialize in a broad range of air conditioning, heating & indoor air quality solutions. We are dedicated to finding the right fit for your home or business. Our broad range of expertise ensures a solution to every challenge.

Satisfaction Guaranteed

Prioritizing satisfaction, Bold City Heating & Air exemplifies customer service.

Our Team Will:

• Keep Your Informed
• Target Your Goals

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Number One For Heating & Cooling

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Keeping you comfortable is our top priority!

When you need an HVAC contractor backed by generations of experience and who truly cares about your satisfaction, turn to Bold City Heating & Air. From air conditioning repairs to the installation of a new energy-efficient heating system, you can depend on our team. We’ll get to you as quickly as we can to solve any problem you might be experiencing.

If you need help with HVAC installation or replacement, we’ll recommend the perfect system and provide you with a competitive quote. We’ll help you to save money on your energy costs going forward and can even help with financing on approved credit.

Jacksonville Grown. Family Owned & Operated.

See What Our Customers Are Saying About Us!

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Previous

Recently moved here from MD and was not familiar with the heating/AC unit. Bold City, especially Sam Powel, has been VERY helpful. In our short time here in FL, we have recommended Bold City to acquaintances numerous times, and will continue to do so.

Paul G.

Another excellent job by Bold City. Bryan was on time, thorough, explained his analysis and solution, and completed the job. He demonstrated knowledge and expertise while providing a high level of customer service. Well done!!

John L.

Recently moved here from MD and was not familiar with the heating/AC unit. Bold City, especially Sam Powel, has been VERY helpful. In our short time here in FL, we have recommended Bold City to acquaintances numerous times, and will continue to do so.

Paul G.

Another excellent job by Bold City. Bryan was on time, thorough, explained his analysis and solution, and completed the job. He demonstrated knowledge and expertise while providing a high level of customer service. Well done!!

John L.

Recently moved here from MD and was not familiar with the heating/AC unit. Bold City, especially Sam Powel, has been VERY helpful. In our short time here in FL, we have recommended Bold City to acquaintances numerous times, and will continue to do so.

Paul G.

An HVAC Team You Can Trust

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When you’re looking for an HVAC company that you can count on, look no further than Bold City Heating & Air.

Why not try out our award-winning service for yourself? We promise to never give you the upsell. Our technicians don’t get paid commission and we don’t focus on profit margins. We know that if we give our customers the best service, our profits will look after themselves. Whether you’re looking for heating and cooling repairs in Jacksonville or you need HVAC installation or maintenance, speak to our friendly family-owned team.

We’re proud to offer our high quality HVAC services to the residents of Jacksonville. Contact our team at Bold City Heating & Air today and experience our great service for yourself!

Contact Your Bold City Specialist Today

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Air conditioning

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about cooling of air. For the Curved Air album, see Air Conditioning (album). For a similar device capable of both cooling and heating, see Heat pump.

"a/c" redirects here. For the abbreviation used in banking and book-keeping, see Account (disambiguation). For other uses, see AC.

There are various types of air conditioners. Popular examples include: Window-mounted air conditioner (China, 2023); Ceiling-mounted cassette air conditioner (China, 2023); Wall-mounted air conditioner (Japan, 2020); Ceiling-mounted console (Also called ceiling suspended) air conditioner (China, 2023); and portable air conditioner (Vatican City, 2018).

Air conditioning, often abbreviated as A/C (US) or air con (UK),^[1] is the process of removing heat from an enclosed space to achieve a more comfortable interior temperature and in some cases also controlling the humidity of internal air. Air conditioning can be achieved using a mechanical 'air conditioner' or through other methods, including passive cooling and ventilative cooling.^[2][3] Air conditioning is a member of a family of systems and techniques that provide heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC).^[4] Heat pumps are similar in many ways to air conditioners but use a reversing valve, allowing them to both heat and cool an enclosed space.^[5]

Air conditioners, which typically use vapor-compression refrigeration, range in size from small units used in vehicles or single rooms to massive units that can cool large buildings.^[6] Air source heat pumps, which can be used for heating as well as cooling, are becoming increasingly common in cooler climates.

Air conditioners can reduce mortality rates due to higher temperature.^[7] According to the International Energy Agency (IEA) 1.6 billion air conditioning units were used globally in 2016.^[8] The United Nations called for the technology to be made more sustainable to mitigate climate change and for the use of alternatives, like passive cooling, evaporative cooling, selective shading, windcatchers, and better thermal insulation.

History

[edit]

Air conditioning dates back to prehistory.^[9] Double-walled living quarters, with a gap between the two walls to encourage air flow, were found in the ancient city of Hamoukar, in modern Syria.^[10] Ancient Egyptian buildings also used a wide variety of passive air-conditioning techniques.^[11] These became widespread from the Iberian Peninsula through North Africa, the Middle East, and Northern India.^[12]

Passive techniques remained widespread until the 20th century when they fell out of fashion and were replaced by powered air conditioning. Using information from engineering studies of traditional buildings, passive techniques are being revived and modified for 21st-century architectural designs.^[13][12]

Air conditioners allow the building's indoor environment to remain relatively constant, largely independent of changes in external weather conditions and internal heat loads. They also enable deep plan buildings to be created and have allowed people to live comfortably in hotter parts of the world.^[14]

Development

[edit]

Preceding discoveries

[edit]

In 1558, Giambattista della Porta described a method of chilling ice to temperatures far below its freezing point by mixing it with potassium nitrate (then called "nitre") in his popular science book Natural Magic.^[15][16][17] In 1620, Cornelis Drebbel demonstrated "Turning Summer into Winter" for James I of England, chilling part of the Great Hall of Westminster Abbey with an apparatus of troughs and vats.^[18] Drebbel's contemporary Francis Bacon, like della Porta a believer in science communication, may not have been present at the demonstration, but in a book published later the same year, he described it as "experiment of artificial freezing" and said that "Nitre (or rather its spirit) is very cold, and hence nitre or salt when added to snow or ice intensifies the cold of the latter, the nitre by adding to its cold, but the salt by supplying activity to the cold of the snow."^[15]

In 1758, Benjamin Franklin and John Hadley, a chemistry professor at the University of Cambridge, conducted experiments applying the principle of evaporation as a means to cool an object rapidly. Franklin and Hadley confirmed that the evaporation of highly volatile liquids (such as alcohol and ether) could be used to drive down the temperature of an object past the freezing point of water. They experimented with the bulb of a mercury-in-glass thermometer as their object. They used a bellows to speed up the evaporation. They lowered the temperature of the thermometer bulb down to −14 °C (7 °F) while the ambient temperature was 18 °C (64 °F). Franklin noted that soon after they passed the freezing point of water 0 °C (32 °F), a thin film of ice formed on the surface of the thermometer's bulb and that the ice mass was about 6 mm (1⁄4 in) thick when they stopped the experiment upon reaching −14 °C (7 °F). Franklin concluded: "From this experiment, one may see the possibility of freezing a man to death on a warm summer's day."^[19]

The 19th century included many developments in compression technology. In 1820, English scientist and inventor Michael Faraday discovered that compressing and liquefying ammonia could chill air when the liquefied ammonia was allowed to evaporate.^[20] In 1842, Florida physician John Gorrie used compressor technology to create ice, which he used to cool air for his patients in his hospital in Apalachicola, Florida. He hoped to eventually use his ice-making machine to regulate the temperature of buildings.^[20][21] He envisioned centralized air conditioning that could cool entire cities. Gorrie was granted a patent in 1851,^[22] but following the death of his main backer, he was not able to realize his invention.^[23] In 1851, James Harrison created the first mechanical ice-making machine in Geelong, Australia, and was granted a patent for an ether vapor-compression refrigeration system in 1855 that produced three tons of ice per day.^[24] In 1860, Harrison established a second ice company. He later entered the debate over competing against the American advantage of ice-refrigerated beef sales to the United Kingdom.^[24]

First devices

[edit]

Electricity made the development of effective units possible. In 1901, American inventor Willis H. Carrier built what is considered the first modern electrical air conditioning unit.^{[25][26][27][28]} In 1902, he installed his first air-conditioning system, in the Sackett-Wilhelms Lithographing & Publishing Company in Brooklyn, New York.^[29] His invention controlled both the temperature and humidity, which helped maintain consistent paper dimensions and ink alignment at the printing plant. Later, together with six other employees, Carrier formed The Carrier Air Conditioning Company of America, a business that in 2020 employed 53,000 people and was valued at $18.6 billion.^[30][31]

In 1906, Stuart W. Cramer of Charlotte, North Carolina, was exploring ways to add moisture to the air in his textile mill. Cramer coined the term "air conditioning" in a patent claim which he filed that year, where he suggested that air conditioning was analogous to "water conditioning", then a well-known process for making textiles easier to process.^[32] He combined moisture with ventilation to "condition" and change the air in the factories; thus, controlling the humidity that is necessary in textile plants. Willis Carrier adopted the term and incorporated it into the name of his company.^[33]

Domestic air conditioning soon took off. In 1914, the first domestic air conditioning was installed in Minneapolis in the home of Charles Gilbert Gates. It is, however, possible that the considerable device (c. 2.1 m × 1.8 m × 6.1 m; 7 ft × 6 ft × 20 ft) was never used, as the house remained uninhabited^[20] (Gates had already died in October 1913.)

In 1931, H.H. Schultz and J.Q. Sherman developed what would become the most common type of individual room air conditioner: one designed to sit on a window ledge. The units went on sale in 1932 at US$10,000 to $50,000 (the equivalent of $200,000 to $1,200,000 in 2024.)^[20] A year later, the first air conditioning systems for cars were offered for sale.^[34] Chrysler Motors introduced the first practical semi-portable air conditioning unit in 1935,^[35] and Packard became the first automobile manufacturer to offer an air conditioning unit in its cars in 1939.^[36]

Further development

[edit]

Innovations in the latter half of the 20th century allowed more ubiquitous air conditioner use. In 1945, Robert Sherman of Lynn, Massachusetts, invented a portable, in-window air conditioner that cooled, heated, humidified, dehumidified, and filtered the air.^[37] The first inverter air conditioners were released in 1980–1981.^[38][39]

In 1954, Ned Cole, a 1939 architecture graduate from the University of Texas at Austin, developed the first experimental "suburb" with inbuilt air conditioning in each house. 22 homes were developed on a flat, treeless track in northwest Austin, Texas, and the community was christened the 'Austin Air-Conditioned Village.' The residents were subjected to a year-long study of the effects of air conditioning led by the nation’s premier air conditioning companies, builders, and social scientists. In addition, researchers from UT’s Health Service and Psychology Department studied the effects on the "artificially cooled humans." One of the more amusing discoveries was that each family reported being troubled with scorpions, the leading theory being that scorpions sought cool, shady places. Other reported changes in lifestyle were that mothers baked more, families ate heavier foods, and they were more apt to choose hot drinks.^[40][41]

Air conditioner adoption tends to increase above around $10,000 annual household income in warmer areas.^[42] Global GDP growth explains around 85% of increased air condition adoption by 2050, while the remaining 15% can be explained by climate change.^[42]

As of 2016 an estimated 1.6 billion air conditioning units were used worldwide, with over half of them in China and USA, and a total cooling capacity of 11,675 gigawatts.^[8][43] The International Energy Agency predicted in 2018 that the number of air conditioning units would grow to around 4 billion units by 2050 and that the total cooling capacity would grow to around 23,000 GW, with the biggest increases in India and China.^[8] Between 1995 and 2004, the proportion of urban households in China with air conditioners increased from 8% to 70%.^[44] As of 2015, nearly 100 million homes, or about 87% of US households, had air conditioning systems.^[45] In 2019, it was estimated that 90% of new single-family homes constructed in the US included air conditioning (ranging from 99% in the South to 62% in the West).^[46][47]

Operation

[edit]

Operating principles

[edit]

Main article: Vapor-compression refrigeration

Cooling in traditional air conditioner systems is accomplished using the vapor-compression cycle, which uses a refrigerant's forced circulation and phase change between gas and liquid to transfer heat.^[48][49] The vapor-compression cycle can occur within a unitary, or packaged piece of equipment; or within a chiller that is connected to terminal cooling equipment (such as a fan coil unit in an air handler) on its evaporator side and heat rejection equipment such as a cooling tower on its condenser side. An air source heat pump shares many components with an air conditioning system, but includes a reversing valve, which allows the unit to be used to heat as well as cool a space.^[50]

Air conditioning equipment will reduce the absolute humidity of the air processed by the system if the surface of the evaporator coil is significantly cooler than the dew point of the surrounding air. An air conditioner designed for an occupied space will typically achieve a 30% to 60% relative humidity in the occupied space.^[51]

Most modern air-conditioning systems feature a dehumidification cycle during which the compressor runs. At the same time, the fan is slowed to reduce the evaporator temperature and condense more water. A dehumidifier uses the same refrigeration cycle but incorporates both the evaporator and the condenser into the same air path; the air first passes over the evaporator coil, where it is cooled^[52] and dehumidified before passing over the condenser coil, where it is warmed again before it is released back into the room.^{[citation needed]}

Free cooling can sometimes be selected when the external air is cooler than the internal air. Therefore, the compressor does not need to be used, resulting in high cooling efficiencies for these times. This may also be combined with seasonal thermal energy storage.^[53]

Heating

[edit]

Main article: Heat pump

Some air conditioning systems can reverse the refrigeration cycle and act as an air source heat pump, thus heating instead of cooling the indoor environment. They are also commonly referred to as "reverse cycle air conditioners". The heat pump is significantly more energy-efficient than electric resistance heating, because it moves energy from air or groundwater to the heated space and the heat from purchased electrical energy. When the heat pump is in heating mode, the indoor evaporator coil switches roles and becomes the condenser coil, producing heat. The outdoor condenser unit also switches roles to serve as the evaporator and discharges cold air (colder than the ambient outdoor air).

Most air source heat pumps become less efficient in outdoor temperatures lower than 4 °C or 40 °F.^[54] This is partly because ice forms on the outdoor unit's heat exchanger coil, which blocks air flow over the coil. To compensate for this, the heat pump system must temporarily switch back into the regular air conditioning mode to switch the outdoor evaporator coil back to the condenser coil, to heat up and defrost. Therefore, some heat pump systems will have electric resistance heating in the indoor air path that is activated only in this mode to compensate for the temporary indoor air cooling, which would otherwise be uncomfortable in the winter.

Newer models have improved cold-weather performance, with efficient heating capacity down to −14 °F (−26 °C).^[55][54][56] However, there is always a chance that the humidity that condenses on the heat exchanger of the outdoor unit could freeze, even in models that have improved cold-weather performance, requiring a defrosting cycle to be performed.

The icing problem becomes much more severe with lower outdoor temperatures, so heat pumps are sometimes installed in tandem with a more conventional form of heating, such as an electrical heater, a natural gas, heating oil, or wood-burning fireplace or central heating, which is used instead of or in addition to the heat pump during harsher winter temperatures. In this case, the heat pump is used efficiently during milder temperatures, and the system is switched to the conventional heat source when the outdoor temperature is lower.

Performance

[edit]

Main articles: coefficient of performance, Seasonal energy efficiency ratio, and European seasonal energy efficiency ratio

The coefficient of performance (COP) of an air conditioning system is a ratio of useful heating or cooling provided to the work required.^[57][58] Higher COPs equate to lower operating costs. The COP usually exceeds 1; however, the exact value is highly dependent on operating conditions, especially absolute temperature and relative temperature between sink and system, and is often graphed or averaged against expected conditions.^[59] Air conditioner equipment power in the U.S. is often described in terms of "tons of refrigeration", with each approximately equal to the cooling power of one short ton (2,000 pounds (910 kg) of ice melting in a 24-hour period. The value is equal to 12,000 BTU_IT per hour, or 3,517 watts.^[60] Residential central air systems are usually from 1 to 5 tons (3.5 to 18 kW) in capacity.^{[citation needed]}

The efficiency of air conditioners is often rated by the seasonal energy efficiency ratio (SEER), which is defined by the Air Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute in its 2008 standard AHRI 210/240, Performance Rating of Unitary Air-Conditioning and Air-Source Heat Pump Equipment.^[61] A similar standard is the European seasonal energy efficiency ratio (ESEER).^{[citation needed]}

Efficiency is strongly affected by the humidity of the air to be cooled. Dehumidifying the air before attempting to cool it can reduce subsequent cooling costs by as much as 90 percent. Thus, reducing dehumidifying costs can materially affect overall air conditioning costs.^[62]

Control system

[edit]

Wireless remote control

[edit]

Main articles: Remote control and Infrared blaster

A wireless remote controller

The infrared transmitting LED on the remote

The infrared receiver on the air conditioner

This type of controller uses an infrared LED to relay commands from a remote control to the air conditioner. The output of the infrared LED (like that of any infrared remote) is invisible to the human eye because its wavelength is beyond the range of visible light (940 nm). This system is commonly used on mini-split air conditioners because it is simple and portable. Some window and ducted central air conditioners uses it as well.

Wired controller

[edit]

Main article: Thermostat

Several wired controllers (Indonesia, 2024)

A wired controller, also called a "wired thermostat," is a device that controls an air conditioner by switching heating or cooling on or off. It uses different sensors to measure temperatures and actuate control operations. Mechanical thermostats commonly use bimetallic strips, converting a temperature change into mechanical displacement, to actuate control of the air conditioner. Electronic thermostats, instead, use a thermistor or other semiconductor sensor, processing temperature change as electronic signals to control the air conditioner.

These controllers are usually used in hotel rooms because they are permanently installed into a wall and hard-wired directly into the air conditioner unit, eliminating the need for batteries.

Types

[edit]

Types	Typical Capacity*	Air supply	Mounting	Typical application
Mini-split	small – large	Direct	Wall	Residential
Window	very small – small	Direct	Window	Residential
Portable	very small – small	Direct / Ducted	Floor	Residential, remote areas
Ducted (individual)	small – very large	Ducted	Ceiling	Residential, commercial
Ducted (central)	medium – very large	Ducted	Ceiling	Residential, commercial
Ceiling suspended	medium – large	Direct	Ceiling	Commercial
Cassette	medium – large	Direct / Ducted	Ceiling	Commercial
Floor standing	medium – large	Direct / Ducted	Floor	Commercial
Packaged	very large	Direct / Ducted	Floor	Commercial
Packaged RTU (Rooftop Unit)	very large	Ducted	Rooftop	Commercial

* where the typical capacity is in kilowatt as follows:

• very small: <1.5 kW
• small: 1.5–3.5 kW
• medium: 4.2–7.1 kW
• large: 7.2–14 kW
• very large: >14 kW

Mini-split and multi-split systems

[edit]

Ductless systems (often mini-split, though there are now ducted mini-split) typically supply conditioned and heated air to a single or a few rooms of a building, without ducts and in a decentralized manner.^[63] Multi-zone or multi-split systems are a common application of ductless systems and allow up to eight rooms (zones or locations) to be conditioned independently from each other, each with its indoor unit and simultaneously from a single outdoor unit.

The first mini-split system was sold in 1961 by Toshiba in Japan, and the first wall-mounted mini-split air conditioner was sold in 1968 in Japan by Mitsubishi Electric, where small home sizes motivated their development. The Mitsubishi model was the first air conditioner with a cross-flow fan.^[64][65][66] In 1969, the first mini-split air conditioner was sold in the US.^[67] Multi-zone ductless systems were invented by Daikin in 1973, and variable refrigerant flow systems (which can be thought of as larger multi-split systems) were also invented by Daikin in 1982. Both were first sold in Japan.^[68] Variable refrigerant flow systems when compared with central plant cooling from an air handler, eliminate the need for large cool air ducts, air handlers, and chillers; instead cool refrigerant is transported through much smaller pipes to the indoor units in the spaces to be conditioned, thus allowing for less space above dropped ceilings and a lower structural impact, while also allowing for more individual and independent temperature control of spaces. The outdoor and indoor units can be spread across the building.^[69] Variable refrigerant flow indoor units can also be turned off individually in unused spaces.^{[citation needed]} The lower start-up power of VRF's DC inverter compressors and their inherent DC power requirements also allow VRF solar-powered heat pumps to be run using DC-providing solar panels.

Ducted central systems

[edit]

Split-system central air conditioners consist of two heat exchangers, an outside unit (the condenser) from which heat is rejected to the environment and an internal heat exchanger (the evaporator, or Fan Coil Unit, FCU) with the piped refrigerant being circulated between the two. The FCU is then connected to the spaces to be cooled by ventilation ducts.^[70] Floor standing air conditioners are similar to this type of air conditioner but sit within spaces that need cooling.

Central plant cooling

[edit]

See also: Chiller

Large central cooling plants may use intermediate coolant such as chilled water pumped into air handlers or fan coil units near or in the spaces to be cooled which then duct or deliver cold air into the spaces to be conditioned, rather than ducting cold air directly to these spaces from the plant, which is not done due to the low density and heat capacity of air, which would require impractically large ducts. The chilled water is cooled by chillers in the plant, which uses a refrigeration cycle to cool water, often transferring its heat to the atmosphere even in liquid-cooled chillers through the use of cooling towers. Chillers may be air- or liquid-cooled.^[71][72]

Portable units

[edit]

A portable system has an indoor unit on wheels connected to an outdoor unit via flexible pipes, similar to a permanently fixed installed unit (such as a ductless split air conditioner).

Hose systems, which can be monoblock or air-to-air, are vented to the outside via air ducts. The monoblock type collects the water in a bucket or tray and stops when full. The air-to-air type re-evaporates the water, discharges it through the ducted hose, and can run continuously. Many but not all portable units draw indoor air and expel it outdoors through a single duct, negatively impacting their overall cooling efficiency.

Many portable air conditioners come with heat as well as a dehumidification function.^[73]

Window unit and packaged terminal

[edit]

Main article: Packaged terminal air conditioner

The packaged terminal air conditioner (PTAC), through-the-wall, and window air conditioners are similar. These units are installed on a window frame or on a wall opening. The unit usually has an internal partition separating its indoor and outdoor sides, which contain the unit's condenser and evaporator, respectively. PTAC systems may be adapted to provide heating in cold weather, either directly by using an electric strip, gas, or other heaters, or by reversing the refrigerant flow to heat the interior and draw heat from the exterior air, converting the air conditioner into a heat pump. They may be installed in a wall opening with the help of a special sleeve on the wall and a custom grill that is flush with the wall and window air conditioners can also be installed in a window, but without a custom grill.^[74]

Packaged air conditioner

[edit]

Packaged air conditioners (also known as self-contained units)^[75][76] are central systems that integrate into a single housing all the components of a split central system, and deliver air, possibly through ducts, to the spaces to be cooled. Depending on their construction they may be outdoors or indoors, on roofs (rooftop units),^[77][78] draw the air to be conditioned from inside or outside a building and be water or air-cooled. Often, outdoor units are air-cooled while indoor units are liquid-cooled using a cooling tower.^{[70][79][80][81][82][83]}

Types of compressors

[edit]

Compressor types	Common applications	Typical capacity	Efficiency	Durability	Repairability
Reciprocating	Refrigerator, Walk-in freezer, portable air conditioners	small – large	very low (small capacity) medium (large capacity)	very low	medium
Rotary vane	Residential mini splits	small	low	low	easy
Scroll	Commercial and central systems, VRF	medium	medium	medium	easy
Rotary screw	Commercial chiller	medium – large	medium	medium	hard
Centrifugal	Commercial chiller	very large	medium	high	hard
Maglev Centrifugal	Commercial chiller	very large	high	very high	very hard

Reciprocating

[edit]

Main article: Reciprocating compressor

This compressor consists of a crankcase, crankshaft, piston rod, piston, piston ring, cylinder head and valves. ^{[citation needed]}

Scroll

[edit]

Main article: Scroll compressor

This compressor uses two interleaving scrolls to compress the refrigerant.^[84] it consists of one fixed and one orbiting scrolls. This type of compressor is more efficient because it has 70 percent less moving parts than a reciprocating compressor. ^{[citation needed]}

Screw

[edit]

Main article: Rotary-screw compressor

This compressor use two very closely meshing spiral rotors to compress the gas. The gas enters at the suction side and moves through the threads as the screws rotate. The meshing rotors force the gas through the compressor, and the gas exits at the end of the screws. The working area is the inter-lobe volume between the male and female rotors. It is larger at the intake end, and decreases along the length of the rotors until the exhaust port. This change in volume is the compression. ^{[citation needed]}

Capacity modulation technologies

[edit]

There are several ways to modulate the cooling capacity in refrigeration or air conditioning and heating systems. The most common in air conditioning are: on-off cycling, hot gas bypass, use or not of liquid injection, manifold configurations of multiple compressors, mechanical modulation (also called digital), and inverter technology. ^{[citation needed]}

Hot gas bypass

[edit]

Hot gas bypass involves injecting a quantity of gas from discharge to the suction side. The compressor will keep operating at the same speed, but due to the bypass, the refrigerant mass flow circulating with the system is reduced, and thus the cooling capacity. This naturally causes the compressor to run uselessly during the periods when the bypass is operating. The turn down capacity varies between 0 and 100%.^[85]

Manifold configurations

[edit]

Several compressors can be installed in the system to provide the peak cooling capacity. Each compressor can run or not in order to stage the cooling capacity of the unit. The turn down capacity is either 0/33/66 or 100% for a trio configuration and either 0/50 or 100% for a tandem.^{[citation needed]}

Mechanically modulated compressor

[edit]

This internal mechanical capacity modulation is based on periodic compression process with a control valve, the two scroll set move apart stopping the compression for a given time period. This method varies refrigerant flow by changing the average time of compression, but not the actual speed of the motor. Despite an excellent turndown ratio – from 10 to 100% of the cooling capacity, mechanically modulated scrolls have high energy consumption as the motor continuously runs.^{[citation needed]}

Variable-speed compressor

[edit]

Main article: Inverter compressor

This system uses a variable-frequency drive (also called an Inverter) to control the speed of the compressor. The refrigerant flow rate is changed by the change in the speed of the compressor. The turn down ratio depends on the system configuration and manufacturer. It modulates from 15 or 25% up to 100% at full capacity with a single inverter from 12 to 100% with a hybrid tandem. This method is the most efficient way to modulate an air conditioner's capacity. It is up to 58% more efficient than a fixed speed system.^{[citation needed]}

Impact

[edit]

Health effects

[edit]

In hot weather, air conditioning can prevent heat stroke, dehydration due to excessive sweating, electrolyte imbalance, kidney failure, and other issues due to hyperthermia.^[8][86] Heat waves are the most lethal type of weather phenomenon in the United States.^[87][88] A 2020 study found that areas with lower use of air conditioning correlated with higher rates of heat-related mortality and hospitalizations.^[89] The August 2003 France heatwave resulted in approximately 15,000 deaths, where 80% of the victims were over 75 years old. In response, the French government required all retirement homes to have at least one air-conditioned room at 25 °C (77 °F) per floor during heatwaves.^[8]

Air conditioning (including filtration, humidification, cooling and disinfection) can be used to provide a clean, safe, hypoallergenic atmosphere in hospital operating rooms and other environments where proper atmosphere is critical to patient safety and well-being. It is sometimes recommended for home use by people with allergies, especially mold.^[90][91] However, poorly maintained water cooling towers can promote the growth and spread of microorganisms such as Legionella pneumophila, the infectious agent responsible for Legionnaires' disease. As long as the cooling tower is kept clean (usually by means of a chlorine treatment), these health hazards can be avoided or reduced. The state of New York has codified requirements for registration, maintenance, and testing of cooling towers to protect against Legionella.^[92]

Economic effects

[edit]

First designed to benefit targeted industries such as the press as well as large factories, the invention quickly spread to public agencies and administrations with studies with claims of increased productivity close to 24% in places equipped with air conditioning.^[93]

Air conditioning caused various shifts in demography, notably that of the United States starting from the 1970s. In the US, the birth rate was lower in the spring than during other seasons until the 1970s but this difference then declined since then.^[94] As of 2007, the Sun Belt contained 30% of the total US population while it was inhabited by 24% of Americans at the beginning of the 20th century.^[95] Moreover, the summer mortality rate in the US, which had been higher in regions subject to a heat wave during the summer, also evened out.^[7]

The spread of the use of air conditioning acts as a main driver for the growth of global demand of electricity.^[96] According to a 2018 report from the International Energy Agency (IEA), it was revealed that the energy consumption for cooling in the United States, involving 328 million Americans, surpasses the combined energy consumption of 4.4 billion people in Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, and Asia (excluding China).^[8] A 2020 survey found that an estimated 88% of all US households use AC, increasing to 93% when solely looking at homes built between 2010 and 2020.^[97]

Environmental effects

[edit]

Space cooling including air conditioning accounted globally for 2021 terawatt-hours of energy usage in 2016 with around 99% in the form of electricity, according to a 2018 report on air-conditioning efficiency by the International Energy Agency.^[8] The report predicts an increase of electricity usage due to space cooling to around 6200 TWh by 2050,^[8][98] and that with the progress currently seen, greenhouse gas emissions attributable to space cooling will double: 1,135 million tons (2016) to 2,070 million tons.^[8] There is some push to increase the energy efficiency of air conditioners. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the IEA found that if air conditioners could be twice as effective as now, 460 billion tons of GHG could be cut over 40 years.^[99] The UNEP and IEA also recommended legislation to decrease the use of hydrofluorocarbons, better building insulation, and more sustainable temperature-controlled food supply chains going forward.^[99]

Refrigerants have also caused and continue to cause serious environmental issues, including ozone depletion and climate change, as several countries have not yet ratified the Kigali Amendment to reduce the consumption and production of hydrofluorocarbons.^[100] CFCs and HCFCs refrigerants such as R-12 and R-22, respectively, used within air conditioners have caused damage to the ozone layer,^[101] and hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants such as R-410A and R-404A, which were designed to replace CFCs and HCFCs, are instead exacerbating climate change.^[102] Both issues happen due to the venting of refrigerant to the atmosphere, such as during repairs. HFO refrigerants, used in some if not most new equipment, solve both issues with an ozone damage potential (ODP) of zero and a much lower global warming potential (GWP) in the single or double digits vs. the three or four digits of hydrofluorocarbons.^[103]

Hydrofluorocarbons would have raised global temperatures by around 0.3–0.5 °C (0.5–0.9 °F) by 2100 without the Kigali Amendment. With the Kigali Amendment, the increase of global temperatures by 2100 due to hydrofluorocarbons is predicted to be around 0.06 °C (0.1 °F).^[104]

Alternatives to continual air conditioning include passive cooling, passive solar cooling, natural ventilation, operating shades to reduce solar gain, using trees, architectural shades, windows (and using window coatings) to reduce solar gain.^{[citation needed]}

Social effects

[edit]

Socioeconomic groups with a household income below around $10,000 tend to have a low air conditioning adoption,^[42] which worsens heat-related mortality.^[7] The lack of cooling can be hazardous, as areas with lower use of air conditioning correlate with higher rates of heat-related mortality and hospitalizations.^[89] Premature mortality in NYC is projected to grow between 47% and 95% in 30 years, with lower-income and vulnerable populations most at risk.^[89] Studies on the correlation between heat-related mortality and hospitalizations and living in low socioeconomic locations can be traced in Phoenix, Arizona,^[105] Hong Kong,^[106] China,^[106] Japan,^[107] and Italy.^[108][109] Additionally, costs concerning health care can act as another barrier, as the lack of private health insurance during a 2009 heat wave in Australia, was associated with heat-related hospitalization.^[109]

Disparities in socioeconomic status and access to air conditioning are connected by some to institutionalized racism, which leads to the association of specific marginalized communities with lower economic status, poorer health, residing in hotter neighborhoods, engaging in physically demanding labor, and experiencing limited access to cooling technologies such as air conditioning.^[109] A study overlooking Chicago, Illinois, Detroit, and Michigan found that black households were half as likely to have central air conditioning units when compared to their white counterparts.^[110] Especially in cities, Redlining creates heat islands, increasing temperatures in certain parts of the city.^[109] This is due to materials heat-absorbing building materials and pavements and lack of vegetation and shade coverage.^[111] There have been initiatives that provide cooling solutions to low-income communities, such as public cooling spaces.^[8][111]

Other techniques

[edit]

Buildings designed with passive air conditioning are generally less expensive to construct and maintain than buildings with conventional HVAC systems with lower energy demands.^[112] While tens of air changes per hour, and cooling of tens of degrees, can be achieved with passive methods, site-specific microclimate must be taken into account, complicating building design.^[12]

Many techniques can be used to increase comfort and reduce the temperature in buildings. These include evaporative cooling, selective shading, wind, thermal convection, and heat storage.^[113]

Passive ventilation

[edit]

This section is an excerpt from Passive ventilation.[edit]

Passive ventilation is the process of supplying air to and removing air from an indoor space without using mechanical systems. It refers to the flow of external air to an indoor space as a result of pressure differences arising from natural forces.

There are two types of natural ventilation occurring in buildings: wind driven ventilation and buoyancy-driven ventilation. Wind driven ventilation arises from the different pressures created by wind around a building or structure, and openings being formed on the perimeter which then permit flow through the building. Buoyancy-driven ventilation occurs as a result of the directional buoyancy force that results from temperature differences between the interior and exterior.^[114]

Since the internal heat gains which create temperature differences between the interior and exterior are created by natural processes, including the heat from people, and wind effects are variable, naturally ventilated buildings are sometimes called "breathing buildings".

Passive cooling

[edit]

This section is an excerpt from Passive cooling.[edit]

Passive cooling is a building design approach that focuses on heat gain control and heat dissipation in a building in order to improve the indoor thermal comfort with low or no energy consumption.^[115][116] This approach works either by preventing heat from entering the interior (heat gain prevention) or by removing heat from the building (natural cooling).^[117]

Natural cooling utilizes on-site energy, available from the natural environment, combined with the architectural design of building components (e.g. building envelope), rather than mechanical systems to dissipate heat.^[118] Therefore, natural cooling depends not only on the architectural design of the building but on how the site's natural resources are used as heat sinks (i.e. everything that absorbs or dissipates heat). Examples of on-site heat sinks are the upper atmosphere (night sky), the outdoor air (wind), and the earth/soil.

Passive cooling is an important tool for design of buildings for climate change adaptation – reducing dependency on energy-intensive air conditioning in warming environments.^[119][120]

Daytime radiative cooling

[edit]

Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) surfaces reflect incoming solar radiation and heat back into outer space through the infrared window for cooling during the daytime. Daytime radiative cooling became possible with the ability to suppress solar heating using photonic structures, which emerged through a study by Raman et al. (2014).^[122] PDRCs can come in a variety of forms, including paint coatings and films, that are designed to be high in solar reflectance and thermal emittance.^[121][123]

PDRC applications on building roofs and envelopes have demonstrated significant decreases in energy consumption and costs.^[123] In suburban single-family residential areas, PDRC application on roofs can potentially lower energy costs by 26% to 46%.^[124] PDRCs are predicted to show a market size of ~$27 billion for indoor space cooling by 2025 and have undergone a surge in research and development since the 2010s.^[125][126]

Fans

[edit]

Main article: Ceiling fan

Hand fans have existed since prehistory. Large human-powered fans built into buildings include the punkah.

The 2nd-century Chinese inventor Ding Huan of the Han dynasty invented a rotary fan for air conditioning, with seven wheels 3 m (10 ft) in diameter and manually powered by prisoners.^{[127]: 99, 151, 233} In 747, Emperor Xuanzong (r. 712–762) of the Tang dynasty (618–907) had the Cool Hall (Liang Dian 涼殿) built in the imperial palace, which the Tang Yulin describes as having water-powered fan wheels for air conditioning as well as rising jet streams of water from fountains. During the subsequent Song dynasty (960–1279), written sources mentioned the air conditioning rotary fan as even more widely used.^{[127]: 134, 151}

Thermal buffering

[edit]

In areas that are cold at night or in winter, heat storage is used. Heat may be stored in earth or masonry; air is drawn past the masonry to heat or cool it.^[13]

In areas that are below freezing at night in winter, snow and ice can be collected and stored in ice houses for later use in cooling.^[13] This technique is over 3,700 years old in the Middle East.^[128] Harvesting outdoor ice during winter and transporting and storing for use in summer was practiced by wealthy Europeans in the early 1600s,^[15] and became popular in Europe and the Americas towards the end of the 1600s.^[129] This practice was replaced by mechanical compression-cycle icemakers.

Evaporative cooling

[edit]

Main article: Evaporative cooler

In dry, hot climates, the evaporative cooling effect may be used by placing water at the air intake, such that the draft draws air over water and then into the house. For this reason, it is sometimes said that the fountain, in the architecture of hot, arid climates, is like the fireplace in the architecture of cold climates.^[11] Evaporative cooling also makes the air more humid, which can be beneficial in a dry desert climate.^[130]

Evaporative coolers tend to feel as if they are not working during times of high humidity, when there is not much dry air with which the coolers can work to make the air as cool as possible for dwelling occupants. Unlike other types of air conditioners, evaporative coolers rely on the outside air to be channeled through cooler pads that cool the air before it reaches the inside of a house through its air duct system; this cooled outside air must be allowed to push the warmer air within the house out through an exhaust opening such as an open door or window.^[131]

See also

[edit]

• Air filter
• Air purifier
• Cleanroom
• Crankcase heater
• Energy recovery ventilation
• Indoor air quality
• Particulates

References

[edit]

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